The entry from which these words are taken is:
http://convostartersenglish.blogspot.com/2013/06/update-on-protests-in-turkey.html
Please review the vocabulary from this entry before doing the exercise.
Words to be used (answers come after the exercise):
to defy, dense, to show restraint,
fascism, rare, unrest,
secular, to mushroom, to impose,
1. In 2003, when George Bush was putting together his military coalition (group of nations) to attack Iraq, countries like England and South Korea did not feel they could ____________ the wishes of the USA. Tony Blair and Roh Moo-Hyun were both liberal politicians who felt they had to do what Bush wanted.
2. The only thing that the international community can seem to do to stop Iran from pursuing nuclear weapons is to ______________ economic sanctions (penalties) for continued nuclear development. This seems better, to many, than the Israeli proposal of attacking their nuclear facilities.
3. The difficult economic times in Spain have led to a great deal of social ____________, as Los Indignados often protest the lack of jobs and opportunities.
4. In the Iranian revolution, a _____________ dictator was replaced by an ultra-religious Ayatollah. The country, then, became a 'theocracy,' a government ruled by religious leaders according to religious laws.
5. The traffic in Manhattan is too ____________. It takes forever to drive a car from one part of the city to another due to the traffic jams.
6. When dealing with annoying or confrontational individuals it is often better to ____________________ than to stoop to their level and act the way they are acting. (a confrontational individual is someone trying to cause trouble - to stoop to their level means to lower yourself to their level)
7. _________________ was a nationalistic political philosophy developed in Italy in the 1920s, but the term is often applied to any type of authoritarian government control.
8. The Obama administration tried to resolve the unemployment crisis by borrowing money to stimulate the economy. However, unemployment has not changed for the better and US debt has ________________.
9. Having a president who was as well-liked and effective as Dwight David Eisenhower has been __________ in US history. "Ike" (as Eisenhower was called) led the US during eight years of peace in which the economy boomed (increased) and the Civil Rights Movement began.
Answers are below:
Answers:
1. defy
2. impose
3. unrest
4. secular
5. dense
6. show restraint
7. Fascism
8. mushroomed
9. rare
Welcome to an excellent, FREE resource to improve your English! I'm Daniel Gauss - MA Teachers College at Columbia University - at danielgauss31@gmail.com. If you add me at https://www.facebook.com/dgauss3 you'll get updates to this blog. (Google + works too.)
Saturday, June 15, 2013
Friday, June 14, 2013
Vocabulary review from: Erdogan and Turkish police.....
This vocabulary review comes from this entry:
http://convostartersenglish.blogspot.com/2013/06/erdogan-and-turkish-police-attack.html
Please review the vocabulary from that entry before attempting this exercise.
Answers are below the exercise.
Words to be used:
objective, disgusted, to topple, authoritarian,
makeshift, to vow, to storm, a concession,
to erect, to spark, intervention, a riot,
1) The American Revolution was started because it was felt that Kind George III had adopted a too _________________ approach to ruling the North American colonies. For instance, the colonists did not have any chance to represent themselves in the English Parliament.
2) Is there an _______________ newspaper in New York City? No. Each newspaper seems to have some bias (prejudice) toward a political party. Can a newspaper exist which does not favor one political ideology over another?
3) Political authorities should always be careful in regard to how they deal with protesters. If they allow the protesters to make their point peacefully, everything will be ok. But if the police overreact and attack the protesters, a _____________ will likely break out.
4) Syrian 'rebels' recently tortured and killed a teenage boy for religious reasons. This is why I am ______________ that the president of the United States will now be giving weapons to these rebels. (A rebel group is a group that wants to overthrow a government and establish a new government.)
5) The world has become more than disgusted with the constant attempts at _____________ which the United States government makes. It seems that regardless of who the president is, the US government wants to get involved in the affairs of every possible foreign government.
6) During the Cold War it was feared that one little incident might __________ a nuclear war. Therefore, diplomacy between the US and USSR (Russia) was critical at that time.
7) Although George W. Bush claimed that Saddam Hussein was building weapons of mass destruction, there were, obviously, other reasons as to why he wanted to ______________ that government. Many people feel he wanted to gain access to more oil for his father's business friends.
8) When gorillas (big apes) want to sleep, they make ______________ beds for themselves out of many tree branches and leaves.
9) Although President Obama _________ to eliminate the illegal prisons at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, where various men captured in Afghanistan have been held without any court proceedings for many years, he did not do this.
10) Many new buildings are being ___________ in New York City, but they are for wealthy individuals who want to move here and live here. There is very little effort to create affordable housing for the poor or middle class.
11) Thankfully the New York City police never ______________ Zuccoti Park, where the Occupy Wall Street protesters were. They found another way to eliminate the protests without using violence. Now Occupy Wall Street seems to be a dead movement, but at least people were not killed or harmed.
12) In order for an immigration law to be passed in the USA, both political parties will have to make _________________. Only by compromising can this law be passed.
Answers:
1. authoritarian
2. objective
3. riot
4. disgusted
5. intervention
6. spark
7. topple
8. makeshift
9. vowed
10. erected
11. stormed
12. concessions
http://convostartersenglish.blogspot.com/2013/06/erdogan-and-turkish-police-attack.html
Please review the vocabulary from that entry before attempting this exercise.
Answers are below the exercise.
Words to be used:
objective, disgusted, to topple, authoritarian,
makeshift, to vow, to storm, a concession,
to erect, to spark, intervention, a riot,
1) The American Revolution was started because it was felt that Kind George III had adopted a too _________________ approach to ruling the North American colonies. For instance, the colonists did not have any chance to represent themselves in the English Parliament.
2) Is there an _______________ newspaper in New York City? No. Each newspaper seems to have some bias (prejudice) toward a political party. Can a newspaper exist which does not favor one political ideology over another?
3) Political authorities should always be careful in regard to how they deal with protesters. If they allow the protesters to make their point peacefully, everything will be ok. But if the police overreact and attack the protesters, a _____________ will likely break out.
4) Syrian 'rebels' recently tortured and killed a teenage boy for religious reasons. This is why I am ______________ that the president of the United States will now be giving weapons to these rebels. (A rebel group is a group that wants to overthrow a government and establish a new government.)
5) The world has become more than disgusted with the constant attempts at _____________ which the United States government makes. It seems that regardless of who the president is, the US government wants to get involved in the affairs of every possible foreign government.
6) During the Cold War it was feared that one little incident might __________ a nuclear war. Therefore, diplomacy between the US and USSR (Russia) was critical at that time.
7) Although George W. Bush claimed that Saddam Hussein was building weapons of mass destruction, there were, obviously, other reasons as to why he wanted to ______________ that government. Many people feel he wanted to gain access to more oil for his father's business friends.
8) When gorillas (big apes) want to sleep, they make ______________ beds for themselves out of many tree branches and leaves.
9) Although President Obama _________ to eliminate the illegal prisons at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, where various men captured in Afghanistan have been held without any court proceedings for many years, he did not do this.
10) Many new buildings are being ___________ in New York City, but they are for wealthy individuals who want to move here and live here. There is very little effort to create affordable housing for the poor or middle class.
11) Thankfully the New York City police never ______________ Zuccoti Park, where the Occupy Wall Street protesters were. They found another way to eliminate the protests without using violence. Now Occupy Wall Street seems to be a dead movement, but at least people were not killed or harmed.
12) In order for an immigration law to be passed in the USA, both political parties will have to make _________________. Only by compromising can this law be passed.
Answers:
1. authoritarian
2. objective
3. riot
4. disgusted
5. intervention
6. spark
7. topple
8. makeshift
9. vowed
10. erected
11. stormed
12. concessions
Thursday, June 13, 2013
George W. Obama will supply Syrian extremists with weapons
This photograph has been circulating around the internet for awhile:
The point of the image is to show that, basically, there has been little difference between the policies of George W. Bush and Barack Hussein Obama.
In 2003 George "White" Bush used 'weapons of mass destruction' as an excuse to attack Iraq. Now Barack Hussein Obama is using 'chemical weapons' as an excuse (pretext) to supply weapons to Syrian rebels.
This comes just a few days after it was revealed that Syrian rebels tortured and killed a teenager (in front of the child's parents) because they felt that he had insulted Mohammed.
Well, what else is new?
The US government supported Saddam Hussein in the 1980s and then turned against him in the 90s. The US supported Osama bin Laden and then bin Laden funded the terrorist attacks of 9/11/ 2001. Why should a Nobel Peace Prize winner and graduate of Harvard Law School act differently from presidents of the past? (That's sarcasm.)
One of my students said, "Well, if giving weapons to the rebels ends the fighting and bloodshed, maybe that's a good thing."
However, it doesn't look as if the weapons are being sent to 'end' the bloodshed. The rebels are losing badly and if they do not get weapons, they may lose completely. Since Russia is an ally (friend) of Assad's Syrian government, it looks as if the USA is sending weapons to the rebels *to continue* the war and make it last as long as possible.
This is exactly why the US government supplied weapons to Osama bin Laden.
Here's an article on how the Nobel Peace Prize winner will be sending weapons to extremists who torture and kill children, and to make sure that the war doesn't end too quickly:
http://news.yahoo.com/obama-step-military-support-syrian-rebels-233546868.html
The point of the image is to show that, basically, there has been little difference between the policies of George W. Bush and Barack Hussein Obama.
In 2003 George "White" Bush used 'weapons of mass destruction' as an excuse to attack Iraq. Now Barack Hussein Obama is using 'chemical weapons' as an excuse (pretext) to supply weapons to Syrian rebels.
This comes just a few days after it was revealed that Syrian rebels tortured and killed a teenager (in front of the child's parents) because they felt that he had insulted Mohammed.
Well, what else is new?
The US government supported Saddam Hussein in the 1980s and then turned against him in the 90s. The US supported Osama bin Laden and then bin Laden funded the terrorist attacks of 9/11/ 2001. Why should a Nobel Peace Prize winner and graduate of Harvard Law School act differently from presidents of the past? (That's sarcasm.)
One of my students said, "Well, if giving weapons to the rebels ends the fighting and bloodshed, maybe that's a good thing."
However, it doesn't look as if the weapons are being sent to 'end' the bloodshed. The rebels are losing badly and if they do not get weapons, they may lose completely. Since Russia is an ally (friend) of Assad's Syrian government, it looks as if the USA is sending weapons to the rebels *to continue* the war and make it last as long as possible.
This is exactly why the US government supplied weapons to Osama bin Laden.
Here's an article on how the Nobel Peace Prize winner will be sending weapons to extremists who torture and kill children, and to make sure that the war doesn't end too quickly:
http://news.yahoo.com/obama-step-military-support-syrian-rebels-233546868.html
Tuesday, June 11, 2013
Erdogan and the Turkish police attacked protesters again. The whole world is watching!
I want to be as objective as possible in presenting stories on this blog, but, at this point, I am disgusted by the Prime Minister of Turkey and the Turkish police. Too many people are being harmed for no good reason. I sincerely hope the protesters overthrow the Turkish government and arrest Erdogan for crimes against his own people.
As you can see from this article, the Turkish police have attacked protesters in Taksim Square again.
The article:
http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2013-06/12/content_16609436.htm
Vocabulary to help you understand the article:
to be objective - not to form an opinion, not to show your own opinion but just to present the facts. The opposite of 'objective' is 'subjective.' My introduction was very subjective in that I expressed my emotions and opinion in regard to Erdogan.
to feel disgusted - this is when something makes you feel sick because it is so wrong.
to storm some place - to attack a place VIOLENTLY
a square - a public, outdoor space
a clash - a conflict, a fight
a riot - when a protest gets out of control, it is called a riot. A protest is when people gather together to express their disapproval of some government action.
tear gas and rubber bullets - tear gas burns a person's eyes for awhile and rubber bullets are shot from guns and can kill people, even though they are not metal bullets.
to hurl - to throw. Apparently the protesters were throwing fireworks for some reason. Fireworks are often used in celebrations to create beautiful patterns in the night's sky.
to pour into - to flood into, to enter in a large number, if a group pours into an area, there is a large number of people and they rush in quickly.
epicenter - center
demos - demonstrations; protests
bulldozers - vehicles that are used to move heavy objects away. Bulldozers are like giant trucks with pushing devices in front of them that push things away or crush things.
makeshift barriers - the protesters set up barriers quickly. If something is makeshift, it is set up quickly. A barrier is meant to stop something. In this case the protesters wanted to stop the police and bulldozers.
to erect - to create or set up.
armored cars - cars protected by armor - strong steel.
to raise the stakes - a gambling term. If a gambler raises the stakes, he adds more money to be won or lost. Here, in this article, raising the stakes means Erdogan is taking a greater risk by attacking innocent people.
unrest - the opposite of peace.
to pose a challenge - to establish a challenge. A challenge is a type of problem that is difficult to solve.
a fierce challenge - a strong, aggressive challenge.
to douse protesters - to cover protesters.
a Molotov cocktail - this is a type of makeshift weapon. It was created by General Molotov of Russia. Basically you fill a wine bottle with alcohol, tie a rag around the bottle, light the rag on fire and throw the bottle at the enemy or an armored car. When the bottle hits, it explodes and starts the thing on fire.
intervention - in this case it means 'attack.' Normally to intervene means to enter a situation and try to stop two parties from fighting or to stop something wrong from happening.
a concession - if you make a concession, you compromise or you do something the other side wants in order to make them happy.
to vow - to promise.
a clampdown - like a crackdown. It is a use of extreme force to stop something.
to be sparked - to be started.
barracks - a place where soldiers live. An Ottoman barracks - Erdogan wanted to destroy the park to create a type of Ottoman museum (The Ottoman Empire used to control the land where Turkey now is - it was very Islamic and often militarily aggressive).
authoritarian - when one person rules a country and does not care about democracy or what the people want.
to impose a conservative lifestyle on people - to force people to live a very religious and conservative (a conservative is usually not considered very open-minded) lifestyle.
secular - non-religious.
to escalate tensions - increase nervousness, increase a sense of unrest or fear.
to dismiss - in this case: to disregard or to consider something not important.
fringe extremists - the fringe is the very outside of something. An extremist is someone who does not hold a 'normal' attitude - someone with very unusual beliefs or attitudes.
to topple his government - to destroy or overthrow his government.
scores - lots.
democratic credentials - to have democratic credentials is to have the basis or foundation of a democratic government. Although Erdogan was elected democratically, he is acting like a dictator.
-----------------------------------------------------------
Question for discussion/writing:
Do you think that the United States and other NATO countries are being too silent in regard to what is happening in Turkey?
As you can see from this article, the Turkish police have attacked protesters in Taksim Square again.
The article:
http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2013-06/12/content_16609436.htm
Vocabulary to help you understand the article:
to be objective - not to form an opinion, not to show your own opinion but just to present the facts. The opposite of 'objective' is 'subjective.' My introduction was very subjective in that I expressed my emotions and opinion in regard to Erdogan.
to feel disgusted - this is when something makes you feel sick because it is so wrong.
to storm some place - to attack a place VIOLENTLY
a square - a public, outdoor space
a clash - a conflict, a fight
a riot - when a protest gets out of control, it is called a riot. A protest is when people gather together to express their disapproval of some government action.
tear gas and rubber bullets - tear gas burns a person's eyes for awhile and rubber bullets are shot from guns and can kill people, even though they are not metal bullets.
to hurl - to throw. Apparently the protesters were throwing fireworks for some reason. Fireworks are often used in celebrations to create beautiful patterns in the night's sky.
to pour into - to flood into, to enter in a large number, if a group pours into an area, there is a large number of people and they rush in quickly.
epicenter - center
demos - demonstrations; protests
bulldozers - vehicles that are used to move heavy objects away. Bulldozers are like giant trucks with pushing devices in front of them that push things away or crush things.
makeshift barriers - the protesters set up barriers quickly. If something is makeshift, it is set up quickly. A barrier is meant to stop something. In this case the protesters wanted to stop the police and bulldozers.
to erect - to create or set up.
armored cars - cars protected by armor - strong steel.
to raise the stakes - a gambling term. If a gambler raises the stakes, he adds more money to be won or lost. Here, in this article, raising the stakes means Erdogan is taking a greater risk by attacking innocent people.
unrest - the opposite of peace.
to pose a challenge - to establish a challenge. A challenge is a type of problem that is difficult to solve.
a fierce challenge - a strong, aggressive challenge.
to douse protesters - to cover protesters.
a Molotov cocktail - this is a type of makeshift weapon. It was created by General Molotov of Russia. Basically you fill a wine bottle with alcohol, tie a rag around the bottle, light the rag on fire and throw the bottle at the enemy or an armored car. When the bottle hits, it explodes and starts the thing on fire.
intervention - in this case it means 'attack.' Normally to intervene means to enter a situation and try to stop two parties from fighting or to stop something wrong from happening.
a concession - if you make a concession, you compromise or you do something the other side wants in order to make them happy.
to vow - to promise.
a clampdown - like a crackdown. It is a use of extreme force to stop something.
to be sparked - to be started.
barracks - a place where soldiers live. An Ottoman barracks - Erdogan wanted to destroy the park to create a type of Ottoman museum (The Ottoman Empire used to control the land where Turkey now is - it was very Islamic and often militarily aggressive).
authoritarian - when one person rules a country and does not care about democracy or what the people want.
to impose a conservative lifestyle on people - to force people to live a very religious and conservative (a conservative is usually not considered very open-minded) lifestyle.
secular - non-religious.
to escalate tensions - increase nervousness, increase a sense of unrest or fear.
to dismiss - in this case: to disregard or to consider something not important.
fringe extremists - the fringe is the very outside of something. An extremist is someone who does not hold a 'normal' attitude - someone with very unusual beliefs or attitudes.
to topple his government - to destroy or overthrow his government.
scores - lots.
democratic credentials - to have democratic credentials is to have the basis or foundation of a democratic government. Although Erdogan was elected democratically, he is acting like a dictator.
-----------------------------------------------------------
Question for discussion/writing:
Do you think that the United States and other NATO countries are being too silent in regard to what is happening in Turkey?
Are there any 'good guys' in Syria?
For many months President Obama has been reluctant (has not wanted) to supply the 'rebels' in Syria with weapons to help them overthrow the government of the dictator Assad. A dictator is a single ruler of a country who makes the laws himself and who is usually not concerned about the welfare (well-being) or rights of the people.
Now we can see why President Obama has been so hesitant to help.
The rebels (those fighting against the current government) might be even greater monsters than the dictator.
Here is a story of how some rebels captured, tortured and killed a young man, because they believed he had insulted the prophet Mohammed.
http://news.yahoo.com/teenager-15-executed-islamist-rebels-syria-154751521--abc-news-topstories.html
Question for discussion, writing:
1) What do you think the world should do about the civil war/rebellion in Syria? It's true that Assad has been a dictator, but what if the new government becomes like the Taliban of Afghanistan was?
Now we can see why President Obama has been so hesitant to help.
The rebels (those fighting against the current government) might be even greater monsters than the dictator.
Here is a story of how some rebels captured, tortured and killed a young man, because they believed he had insulted the prophet Mohammed.
http://news.yahoo.com/teenager-15-executed-islamist-rebels-syria-154751521--abc-news-topstories.html
Question for discussion, writing:
1) What do you think the world should do about the civil war/rebellion in Syria? It's true that Assad has been a dictator, but what if the new government becomes like the Taliban of Afghanistan was?
Finnish Baby-Care Boxes
Here's an interesting article about a Finnish tradition.
Every pregnant woman (expectant mother) in Finland is entitled to a box of baby-care items. The box itself can even be used as a type of crib or bed for the baby. The article states that this type of box may have helped Finland to significantly reduce its infant mortality rate (the rate of deaths, per year, of babies).
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22751415
Questions for discussion/writing:
1) Do you think this system could work in every country? For instance, would this be a good idea in your country - why or why not?
2) In Japan every new mother receives over $3,500 from the government. Which is better, a baby box or money?
3) The article seems to imply that these baby-care boxes helped reduce infant mortality in Finland and may have helped in the development of the country. Do you think this is a fair claim? can these boxes have had such a significant effect?
4) In order to get a baby-care box, a mother has to visit a doctor early in her pregnancy. Should this be a requirement?
Every pregnant woman (expectant mother) in Finland is entitled to a box of baby-care items. The box itself can even be used as a type of crib or bed for the baby. The article states that this type of box may have helped Finland to significantly reduce its infant mortality rate (the rate of deaths, per year, of babies).
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22751415
Questions for discussion/writing:
1) Do you think this system could work in every country? For instance, would this be a good idea in your country - why or why not?
2) In Japan every new mother receives over $3,500 from the government. Which is better, a baby box or money?
3) The article seems to imply that these baby-care boxes helped reduce infant mortality in Finland and may have helped in the development of the country. Do you think this is a fair claim? can these boxes have had such a significant effect?
4) In order to get a baby-care box, a mother has to visit a doctor early in her pregnancy. Should this be a requirement?
Monday, June 10, 2013
Will Google and Facebook be gone in 5 years?
I found an article from about a year ago that still looks interesting.
The author of this article asserts (states) that within 5 years both Google and Facebook will be considered relatively useless. He states both companies will, basically, disappear.
He seems to believe that people are turning more to mobile "phone" or 'smartphone' technology and are not using laptops or computers as much. People will begin using mobile 'applications' more in the future instead of traditional websites.
Furthermore, and this is my opinion, Google has, basically, turned the internet into garbage anyway. The internet is now filled with inaccurate (false) information, advertisements and gossip. The internet was supposed to be an amazing educational and informational resource, but it has been corrupted (ruined).
The article:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/ericjackson/2012/04/30/heres-why-google-and-facebook-might-completely-disappear-in-the-next-5-years/2/
What do you think? How often do you use your laptop or computer these days? Do you think the traditional internet is dead?
Vocabulary to help you understand the article:
to launch - to start something. (Literally, after a boat is made or constructed it is 'launched' into the sea.)
a paradigm - basically, in this article, he means a new situation or a new understanding of a new situation.
triumphant winner - happy winner
woeful - sad
'ghost town' - empty
liability of obsolescence - basically a liability is a problem or flaw with something. In this article every company that starts some type of internet product will not be able to prosper (succeed) for very long because the environment is always changing unpredictably. Obsolescence (becoming out of date) happens very quickly now.
to be obsolete - no longer needed or useful
to be out of touch - not aware of what's happening
the velocity of change - the speed of change
a shell of itself - not the whole self, the insides are gone and only the outer part remains; most of it is gone (the shell of an animal is the outer covering.
an entrant - someone entering a competition or situation
to its detriment - to its harm
to drag one's feet - if you drag your feet in regard to something, you take a long time to do something. To drag something is to pull it along the ground. So if you are dragging your feet, you are not walking quickly.
to proliferate - to grow, to spread
to emulate - to imitate
dynamic - if something is dynamic it changes a a lot
jumping horses - I think this means changing strategies
the pace of change - the rate of change
up for grabs - available; to grab is to catch something (this phrase is slang). If something is up for grabs, it is up in the air and anyone can catch it.
web monopolies are not as sticky - they are not very long lasting
The author of this article asserts (states) that within 5 years both Google and Facebook will be considered relatively useless. He states both companies will, basically, disappear.
He seems to believe that people are turning more to mobile "phone" or 'smartphone' technology and are not using laptops or computers as much. People will begin using mobile 'applications' more in the future instead of traditional websites.
Furthermore, and this is my opinion, Google has, basically, turned the internet into garbage anyway. The internet is now filled with inaccurate (false) information, advertisements and gossip. The internet was supposed to be an amazing educational and informational resource, but it has been corrupted (ruined).
The article:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/ericjackson/2012/04/30/heres-why-google-and-facebook-might-completely-disappear-in-the-next-5-years/2/
What do you think? How often do you use your laptop or computer these days? Do you think the traditional internet is dead?
Vocabulary to help you understand the article:
to launch - to start something. (Literally, after a boat is made or constructed it is 'launched' into the sea.)
a paradigm - basically, in this article, he means a new situation or a new understanding of a new situation.
triumphant winner - happy winner
woeful - sad
'ghost town' - empty
liability of obsolescence - basically a liability is a problem or flaw with something. In this article every company that starts some type of internet product will not be able to prosper (succeed) for very long because the environment is always changing unpredictably. Obsolescence (becoming out of date) happens very quickly now.
to be obsolete - no longer needed or useful
to be out of touch - not aware of what's happening
the velocity of change - the speed of change
a shell of itself - not the whole self, the insides are gone and only the outer part remains; most of it is gone (the shell of an animal is the outer covering.
an entrant - someone entering a competition or situation
to its detriment - to its harm
to drag one's feet - if you drag your feet in regard to something, you take a long time to do something. To drag something is to pull it along the ground. So if you are dragging your feet, you are not walking quickly.
to proliferate - to grow, to spread
to emulate - to imitate
dynamic - if something is dynamic it changes a a lot
jumping horses - I think this means changing strategies
the pace of change - the rate of change
up for grabs - available; to grab is to catch something (this phrase is slang). If something is up for grabs, it is up in the air and anyone can catch it.
web monopolies are not as sticky - they are not very long lasting
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